A comprehensive study reveals widespread mercury contamination in penguin populations across the Southern Ocean. Researchers analyzed feathers and blood samples, identifying pollution hotspots linked to industrial emissions and oceanic currents. Emperor and Adélie penguins showed the highest mercury levels, posing risks to their health and ecosystems. The findings underscore the urgent need for global mercury regulation and marine conservation efforts. Scientists call for stricter policies to reduce anthropogenic mercury release, emphasizing its far-reaching impact on Antarctic wildlife and human food chains.